Contents Summary 1012 I. Introduction 1013 II. The mycorrhizal symbiosis at the dawn and
rise of the land flora 1014 III. From early land plants to early trees: the origin of roots and true …

Babesia are tick-transmitted hemoprotozooans that infect mammals and birds, and which
are acknowledged for their major impact on farm and pet animal health and associated …

The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is among the most widespread and destructive
agricultural pests, feeding on over 100 crops throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. By …

The early evolutionary history of the chloroplast lineage remains an open question. It is
widely accepted that the endosymbiosis that established the chloroplast lineage in …

The green lineage (Viridiplantae) comprises the green algae and their descendants the land
plants, and is one of the major groups of oxygenic photosynthetic eukaryotes. Current …

Although macroscopic plants, animals, and fungi are the most familiar eukaryotes, the bulk
of eukaryotic diversity is microbial. Elucidating the timing of diversification among the more …

Whole-genome duplications have shaped the genomes of several vertebrate, plant, and
fungal lineages. Earlier studies have focused on establishing when these events occurred …

The~ 1.6 Ga Tirohan Dolomite of the Lower Vindhyan in central India contains phosphatized
stromatolitic microbialites. We report from there uniquely well-preserved fossils interpreted …

To determine whether genes retain ancestral functions over a billion years of evolution and
to identify principles of deep evolutionary divergence, we replaced 414 essential yeast …

Motivation: A variety of probabilistic models describing the evolution of DNA or protein
sequences have been proposed for phylogenetic reconstruction or for molecular dating …