The recognition that all macroorganisms live in symbiotic association with microbial
communities has opened up a new field in biology. Animals, plants, and algae are now …

With the completion of a single unified classification, the Systema Porifera (SP) and
subsequent development of an online species database, the World Porifera Database …

Ever since Darwin's early descriptions of coral reefs, scientists have debated how one of the
world's most productive and diverse ecosystems can thrive in the marine equivalent of a …

Abstract The Neoproterozoic era (about 1,000 to 542 million years ago) was a time of
turbulent environmental change. Large fluctuations in the carbon cycle were associated with …

Marine sponges are able to process a variety of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P),
and silicon (Si) dissolved compounds, in addition to the particulate C, N, and P obtained …

Sponges are the oldest known extant animal-microbe symbiosis. These ubiquitous benthic
animals play an important role in marine ecosystems in the cycling of dissolved organic …

Coastal countries have traditionally relied on the existing marine resources (eg, fishing,
food, transport, recreation, and tourism) as well as tried to support new economic endeavors …

The Ediacaran–Cambrian transition signals a drastic change in both diversity and
ecosystem construction. The Ediacara biota (consisting of various metazoan stem lineages …

Marine sponges constitute major parts of coral reefs and deep‐water communities. They
often harbour high amounts of phylogenetically and physiologically diverse microbes, which …

Shallow warm-water and deep-sea cold-water corals engineer the coral reef framework and
fertilize reef communities by releasing coral mucus, a source of reef dissolved organic matter …