Behaviour represents a reaction to the environment as fish perceive it and is therefore a key
element of fish welfare. This review summarises the main findings on how behavioural …

By the mid-twentieth century (thus following the 'Modern Synthesis' in evolutionary biology),
the behavioural sciences offered only the sketchy beginnings of a scientific literature …

Evolutionary theory is one of the most wide-ranging and inspiring of scientific ideas. It offers
a battery of methods that can be used to interpret human behaviour. But the legitimacy of this …

The Flexible Phenotype attempts a true synthesis of physiology, behaviour, and ecology by
developing an empirical argument that describes the intimate connections between …

Urban ecologists have demonstrated that cities are functioning ecosystems. It follows then
that species living in these contexts should participate in and experience the same suite of …

Human evolution has clearly been shaped by gene–culture interactions, and there is
growing evidence that similar processes also act on populations of non-human animals …

Innovation is a key component of most definitions of culture and intelligence. Additionally,
innovations may affect a species' ecology and evolution. Nonetheless, conceptual and …

Social scientists can learn a lot from evolutionary biology-from systematics and principles of
evolutionary ecology to theories of social interaction including competition, conflict and …

Despite the fact that many animals live in groups, there is still no clear consensus about the
ecological or evolutionary mechanisms underlying colonial living. Recently, research has …

In social environments, animals often compete to obtain limited resources. Strategically
electing to work against another animal represents a cost-benefit decision. Is the resource …