The ventral surface of the rostral medulla oblongata has been suspected since the 1960s to
harbor central respiratory chemoreceptors [ie, acid-activated neurons that regulate breathing …

Breathing is a vital behavior that ensures both the adequate supply of oxygen and the
elimination of CO 2, and it is influenced by many factors. Despite that most of the studies in …

Febrile seizures are frequent during early childhood, and prolonged (complex) febrile
seizures are associated with an increased susceptibility to temporal lobe epilepsy. The …

Arterial, a major determinant of breathing, is detected by chemosensors located in the
brainstem. These are important for maintaining physiological levels of in the blood and …

Contiguous brain regions associated with a given behavior are increasingly being divided
into subregions associated with distinct aspects of that behavior. Using recently developed …

Serotonergic (5-HT) neurons are putative central respiratory chemoreceptors, aiding in the
brain's ability to detect arterial changes in [Formula: see text] and implement appropriate …

The locus coeruleus (LC) lies in the dorsal pons and supplies noradrenergic (NA) input to
many regions of the brain, including respiratory control areas. The LC may provide tonic …

Maternal smoking is a risk factor for both sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and sudden
intrauterine unexplained death syndrome (SIUDS). Both SIDS and SIUDS are more …

Central chemoreception is active early in development and likely drives fetal breathing
movements, which are influenced by a combination of behavioral state and powerful …

Caffeine, theophylline and theobromine are the most known methylxanthines as they are
present in coffee, tea and/or chocolate. In the last decades, a huge experimental effort has …