Abstract The January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption was one of the most
explosive volcanic events of the modern era,, producing a vertical plume that peaked more …

Large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) were statistically studied using
total electron content (TEC) data from the GPS Earth observation network (GEONET) in …

Postsunset midlatitude traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and equatorial plasma
bubbles (EPBs) were simultaneously observed over American sector during the …

We have investigated the propagation of large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances
(LSTIDs) during the super magnetic storm of 29–30 October 2003. Two‐dimensional total …

Currently, more than 6000 operating GNSS receivers deliver observations to multiple
servers. Ionospheric data are derived from these measurements providing outstanding …

In this paper, we plot two‐dimensional total electron content (TEC) perturbation maps and
investigate the statistical characteristics of large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances …

Using a comprehensive data set and model calculations, we have investigated a prominent
large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (LSTID) observed in Japan (∼ 37°–16° …

Large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) during the geomagnetic storm on
22 September 1999 were studied using total electron content (TEC) data from the GPS Earth …

This paper presents first observations of poleward traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs)
during strong geomagnetic conditions over the African sector. By analyzing different data …

The global ionospheric storm in March 2015 was investigated by using data from over 3000
GPS stations worldwide. In this study, total electron content (TEC), rate of TEC (ROT), and …