The regulation of gene expression is fundamental for life. Whereas the role of transcriptional
regulation of gene expression has been studied for several decades, it has been clear over …

This review summarizes our current understanding of the major pathway for the initiation
phase of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with a focus on recent advances. We describe …

In eukaryotes, the translation initiation codon is generally identified by the scanning
mechanism, wherein every triplet in the messenger RNA leader is inspected for …

Protein synthesis is principally regulated at the initiation stage (rather than during elongation
or termination), allowing rapid, reversible and spatial control of gene expression. Progress …

Networks of interacting biomolecules carry out many essential functions in living cells, but
the 'design principles' underlying the functioning of such intracellular networks remain poorly …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta-CoV that recently
emerged as a human pathogen and is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. A …

Translation initiation in eukaryotes is a complex and highly regulated process requiring the
action of at least 12 protein factors. The pathway is distinguished by the formation of a pre …

▪ Abstract Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) is a protein complex that mediates
recruitment of ribosomes to mRNA. This event is the rate-limiting step for translation under …

The mechanisms whereby ribosomes engage a messenger RNA and select the start site for
translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Initiation sites in polycistronic …

The correct translation of mRNA depends critically on the ability to initiate at the right AUG
codon. For most mRNAs in eukaryotic cells, this is accomplished by the scanning …