OBJECTIVE Multiple-site neural tube defects (MNTDs) are very uncommon, with the
predominant number of cases being reported in developing countries. The classic theory of …

Current commonly used terminology to describe neural tube defects (NTD) is inconsistent,
overlapping, contradictory and, at times, inaccurate making it difficult to convey the nature of …

Since the multi‐site closure theory was first proposed in 1991 as explanation for the
preferential localizations of neural tube defects, the closure of the neural tube has been …

Background Neural tube defects are common group of central nervous system anomalies of
complex etiology and major public health importance worldwide. The occurrence of multiple …

Introduction: Open spina bifida (OSB) is the most common congenital anomaly of the central
nervous system. It is associated with severe neurodevelopmental delay, motor impairment …

Triple spinal dysraphism is extremely rare. There are published reports of multiple discrete
neural tube defects with intervening normal segments that are explained by the multisite …

Introduction: Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a malformation resulting from the neural tube's
failure to close during embryonic development, and the majority of the cases of neural tube …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital birth defects classified according to their resulting
morphological characteristics in newborn patients. Current diagnosis of NTDs relies largely …

Human tail and multiple spinal dysraphism are unusual congenital malformations. Human
tail appeared as a prominent lesion from the lumbosacrococcygeal region, generally without …

Background: Intranasal meningoencephaloceles are rarely encountered in pediatric
neurosurgery. The symptoms and clinical features may mimic those of nasal polyps or …