Acanthaceae are among the most taxonomically diverse, geographically widespread, and
morphologically and ecologically variable lineages of flowering plants. Most modern …

Premise What maintains mixed mating is an evolutionary enigma. Cleistogamy—the
production of both potentially outcrossing chasmogamous and obligately selfing …

Flowers have been hypothesized to contain either modules of attraction and reproduction,
functional modules (pollination‐effecting parts) or developmental modules (organ‐specific) …

Premise In the absence of hawkmoth pollinators, chasmogamous (CH) flowers of Ruellia
humilis self‐pollinate by two secondary mechanisms. Other floral visitors might exert …

Pollinator-mediated selection is supposed to influence floral integration. However, the
potential pathway through which pollinators drive floral integration needs further …

Abstract Background and Aims The Berg hypothesis proposes that specialized-flower traits
experience stronger stabilizing selection than non-floral structures and predicts that variation …

Premise of research. The maintenance of mixed selfing and outcrossing is an enduring
mystery in evolutionary biology. Cleistogamy, in which individuals produce both potentially …

Covarying suites of phenotypic traits, or modules, are increasingly recognized to promote
morphological evolution. However, information on how modularity influences flower diversity …

Floral traits often show correlated variation within and among species. For species with
fused petals, strong correlations among corolla tube, stamen, and pistil length are …

Mixed mating is thought to be adaptive in many species of flowering plants because self-
fertilization provides reproductive assurance when pollinator densities are low. In species …