Spindles are ubiquitous oscillations during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. A
growing body of evidence points to a possible link with learning and memory, and the …

Sleep has an essential role for optimal brain function, but the cellular substrates for sleep
regulation are not fully understood. Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, have gained …

It is commonly accepted that brain plasticity occurs in wakefulness and sleep. However, how
these different brain states work in concert to create long-lasting changes in brain circuitry is …

An accumulating body of evidence indicates that sleep is beneficial for learning and
memory. Task performance improves significantly after a period that includes sleep …

Brain plasticity is induced by learning during wakefulness and is consolidated during sleep.
But the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood and their relation to …

The role of sleep for brain function has been in the focus of interest for many years. It is now
firmly established that sleep and the corresponding brain activity is of central importance for …

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is tightly homeostatically regulated and essential
for survival. In the electroencephalogram (EEG), oscillations in the delta (0.5–4 Hz) range …

Image denoising is a well-known problem in image processing. Deep networks can achieve
state-of-the-art denoising results based on the quality or quantity of training samples …

Arguably, humans spend, on average, a third of their lives sleeping. However, the real
function of sleep remains a matter of intense debate. One of the proposed functions for sleep …

Sleep-wake regulation is thought to be governed by interactions among several nuclei in
midbrain, pons, and hypothalamic regions. Determination of the causal role of these nuclei …