Fish immunization has been carried out for over 50 years and is generally accepted as an
effective method for preventing a wide range of bacterial and viral diseases. Vaccination …

Current growth in aquaculture production is parallel with the increasing number of disease
outbreaks, which negatively affect the production, profitability, and sustainability of the global …

In recent years, aquaculture has attained a major economic revolution, however, infectious
diseases of bacterial, viral, mycotic and parasitic origin are the most significant restrictive …

Advances in genomics and the gradual reduction of cost for technologies like whole-
genome sequencing have provided exciting opportunities for developing modern …

The aquaculture industry needs to augment its global production and efficiency to meet the
increasing consumer needs for fish and shellfish products. Unfortunately, infectious …

Protective immunity by vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding a viral glycoprotein (G) has
long been assumed to result from the induction of a specific immune response. We report …

DNA vaccines have been termed The Third Generation of Vaccines. The recent successful
immunization of experimental animals against a range of infectious agents and several …

Aquaculture is growing rapidly worldwide than all other food animal producing sectors but
the status of aquaculture in Ethiopia is less developed, limited data and experience are …

An enduring challenge in the vaccinology of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is
the lack of correlation between neutralizing antibodies and protection against mortality. To …

Biotechnology has been used extensively in the development of vaccines for aquaculture.
Modern molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning and …