Despite complete or near‐complete suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
replication with combination antiretroviral therapy, both HIV and chronic …

In recent years, intense research efforts have been dedicated to elucidating the pathogenic
mechanisms of HIV-associated disease progression. In addition to the progressive depletion …

Although critical illness has been associated with SARS-CoV-2–induced hyperinflammation,
the immune correlates of severe COVID-19 remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively …

Accumulation of human CD21low B cells in peripheral blood is a hallmark of chronic
activation of the adaptive immune system in certain infections and autoimmune disorders …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease leads to impaired B cell and antibody
responses through mechanisms that remain poorly defined. A unique memory B cell …

The homeostasis of circulating B cell subsets in the peripheral blood of healthy adults is well
regulated, but in disease it can be severely disturbed. Thus, a subgroup of patients with …

Humoral immunity is critical for viral control, but the identity and mechanisms regulating
human antiviral B cells are unclear. Here, we characterized human B cells expressing T-bet …

Background Vaccines against COVID-19 are a powerful tool to control the current SARS-
CoV-2 pandemic. A thorough description of their immunogenicity among people living with …

Natural killer (NK) cells play a central role in host defense against various pathogens.
Functional defects of NK cells in HIV-1 infection as a direct effect of abnormal expression or …

Natural killer (NK) cells are critical in the first-line defense against viral infections. Chronic
HIV-1 infection leads to a perturbation in the NK cell compartment, yet the kinetics of this …