Fibrosis, a common process of chronic inflammatory diseases, is defined as a repair
response disorder when organs undergo continuous damage, ultimately leading to scar …

Fibrosis usually results from dysregulated wound repair and is characterized by excessive
scar tissue. It is a complex process with unclear mechanisms. Accumulating evidence …

Epigenetics refers to heritable traits that are not a consequence of DNA sequence. Three
classes of epigenetic regulation exist: DNA methylation, histone modification, and …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has significant effects on cardiac calcium (Ca2+) and sodium (Na+)
regulation. Clinical studies have shown that empagliflozin (Jardiance™) has cardiovascular …

Background The novel sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) potentially
ameliorates heart failure and reduces cardiac arrhythmia. Cardiac fibrosis plays a pivotal …

HDAC3 is a specific and crucial member of the HDAC family. It is required for embryonic
growth, development, and physiological function. The regulation of oxidative stress is an …

Background Interstitial fibrosis and fibrotic scar formation contribute to cardiac remodeling
and loss of cardiac function in myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure. Recent studies …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate gene transcription by catalyzing the removal of
acetyl groups from key lysine residues in nucleosomal histones and via the recruitment of …

Background Recent evidence indicates that inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC)
protects the heart against myocardial injury and stimulates endogenous angiomyogenesis …

Histone modifications and RNA splicing, two seemingly unrelated gene regulatory
processes, greatly increase proteome diversity and profoundly influence normal as well as …