Pollen viability is known to decline, sometimes rapidly, with age and exposure to
environmental stresses. Because of the potential impact of nongenetic factors on the ability …

Herkogamy is the spatial separation of pollen presentation and pollen receipt within or
between blossoms of an individual plant. Several classes of herkogamy are recognised; …

Research into the reproductive biology of crop plants has expanded greatly in recent years
and has lead to an increasing awareness of the importance of flowering, pollination, and fruit …

We review recent literature to address the question to what extent are nectarivorous and
frugivorous mammals legitimate, efficient, and effective dispersers of pollen and seeds of …

The flowering and fruiting phenology, floral biology, pollination ecology, and breeding
system of the emergent tree Ceiba pentandra were studied in the Brazilian Central Amazon …

DIAGNOSIS. Glossophaga soricina is a medium-sized representative of the genus (Fig. 1).
First upper incisor large and noticeably procumbent, larger in bulk than 12; fourth upper …

The floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Caryocar brasiliense were studied in
the cerrado vegetation of Central Brazil. The large, yellowish-cream, brush-like flowers are …

One floral characteristic associated with bat pollination (chiropterophily) is copious pollen
production, a pattern we confirmed in a local comparison of hummingbird-and bat-adapted …

In this study I documented the degree of specialization in the pollination systems of
Burmeistera cyclostigmata and B. tenuiflora (Campanulaceae) to explore the potential role …

The greatest current threat to terrestrial fauna is continuous and severe landscape
modification that destroys and degrades animal habitats. This rapid and severe modification …