Bed permeability is a crucial factor in blast furnace efficiency and stability. The Discrete
Element Method (DEM) has been used extensively to model material flow in different parts of …

The burden distribution has an important influence on the heat transfer, mass transfer,
momentum transfer and chemical reactions of blast furnaces. Since the 1970s, metallurgical …

In numerical simulations of the blast furnace, the discrete element method (DEM) is a quite
novel method. The accuracy of physical parameters of the method is a key issue for the …

The porosity distribution of burden beds has an important influence on the gas flow
distribution and chemical reactions in the blast furnace, while the initial porosity distribution …

From the backgrounds of the recent trends towards low reducing agent operation of large
blast furnaces and application of diversified charging modes for various burdens, an …

When the particles are charged into and discharged from a Paul-Wurth type hopper at a bell-
less top blast furnace, the accompanied size segregation phenomenon makes important …

The ironmaking blast furnace is a counter-current chemical reactor which includes the
ascending gas flow and the counter-current descending porous bed (burden). A …

The metallurgical industry is the manufacturing industry with the highest carbon emissions in
China. Carbon emission in blast furnace accounts for 73.6% of the total long process flow …

Burden distribution plays an important role in achieving stable and efficient operation in a
modern ironmaking blast furnace. In this process, burden materials are charged and …

Rotating chutes play a critical role in determining burden distribution on the throat of blast
furnaces, thereby influencing the overall ironmaking process. This study aims to explore the …