Therapeutic targeting of immune checkpoints has garnered significant attention in the area
of cancer immunotherapy, in which efforts have focused in particular on cytotoxic T …

Cytokines related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) provide a communication network essential
for coordinating multiple cell types into an effective host defense system against pathogens …

Survivin is the smallest member of the Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins, involved
in inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. These functional attributes make …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in orchestrating the humoral arm of adaptive
immune responses. Mature Tfh cells localize to follicles in secondary lymphoid organs (SLO …

Interactions that occur between several tumour necrosis factor (TNF)–TNF receptors that are
expressed by T cells and various other immune and non-immune cell types are central to T …

Proliferation of Ag-specific T cells is central to the development of protective immunity. The
concomitant stimulation of the TCR and CD28 programs resting T cells to IL-2-driven clonal …

OX40 (CD134) and its binding partner, OX40L (CD252), are members of the tumor necrosis
factor receptor/tumor necrosis factor superfamily and are expressed on activated CD4+ and …

Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy, a class of
cancer treatments that utilize the patient's own immune system to destroy cancerous cells …

TNFR/TNF superfamily members can control diverse aspects of immune function. Research
over the past 10 years has shown that one of the most important and prominent interactions …

T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are considered the main effector players in the
immune response against tumors. Full activation of T and NK lymphocytes requires the …