To what extent has the learning progress of school-aged children slowed down during the
COVID-19 pandemic? A growing number of studies address this question, but findings vary …

How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected learning progress among school-age children?
Two years after the onset of the pandemic, a growing number of studies have addressed this …

• The COVID-19 pandemic led to school closures around the world, affecting almost 1.6
billion students• Even short interruptions in a child's schooling significantly negatively affect …

School closures occurred extensively during the COVID-19 pandemic, and occur in other
settings, such as teacher strikes and natural disasters. The cost of school closures has …

We examine a new dataset of public procurement laws, practice, and outcomes in 187
countries. We measure regulation as restrictions on the discretion of the procuring entities …

We use a panel survey of~ 19,000 primary-school-aged children in rural Tamil Nadu to study
'learning loss' after COVID-19-induced school closures, and the pace of recovery after …

How far is the world away from ensuring that every child obtains the basic skills needed to
be competitive in a modern economy? And what would accomplishing this mean for world …

COVID-19 led to school closures and emergency remote learning. This paper analyzes
school closures during the pandemic using a unique data base. The determinants of the …

This paper examines how labour productivity will increase in future workplaces that employ
human resources and machine technologies. This paper expands the concept of intelligent …

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant disruption in schooling worldwide. This
paper uses global test score data to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school …