Abstract Background Matrix vesicles (MVs) are released from hypertrophic chondrocytes
and from mature osteoblasts, the cells responsible for endochondral and membranous …

Abstract Background Members of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCKs) are effectors
of Rho family of small GTPases. ROCKs have multiple functions that include regulation of …

ABSTRACT A serum alkaline phosphatase value below the age‐adjusted lower limits of
normal (hypophosphatasemia) is uncommonly encountered in clinical practice. The …

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a noninflammatory spondyloarthropathy,
characterized by ectopic calcification of spinal tissues. Symptoms include spine pain and …

The present review aims to systematically and critically analyze the current knowledge on
phospholipases and their role in physiological and pathological mineralization undertaken …

In the present work we report the synthesis of new aryl pyrazole derivatives using 1, 3-
dicarbonyl motifs. The reaction was proceeded by the cyclization of pentane-2, 4-dione (1a) …

Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme crucial for bone matrix
mineralization via its ability to hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate (ePP i), a …

A thorough knowledge of the structures of healthy mineralized tissues, such as bone or
cartilage, is key to understanding the pathological changes occurring during disease. Such …

The microvessels of the brain represent around 3–4% of the brain compartment but
constitute the most important length (400 miles) and surface of exchange (20 m 2) between …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with numerous metabolic and endocrine
disturbances, including abnormalities of calcium and phosphate metabolism and an …