ABSTRACT Approximately 4.4% of the human genome is comprised of endogenous
retroviral sequences, a record of an evolutionary battle between man and retroviruses. Much …

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne febrile illness with wide
geographic distribution. In humans, the disease follows infection by the Crimean-Congo …

Tetherin/BST-2 is a host restriction factor that could directly inhibit retroviral particle release
by tethering nascent virions to the plasma membrane. However, the immunological impact of …

Infection of mice with Sindbis virus (SINV) provides a model for examining the role of the
immune response to alphavirus infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Interferon …

Conventional CD4+ T cells play an important role in viral immunity. In most virus infections,
they provide essential help for antiviral B and T cell responses. In chronic infections …

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) 0ΔNLS is a live HSV-2 ICP0-mutant vaccine strain that is
profoundly attenuated in vivo due to its interferon-hypersensitivity. Recipients of the HSV-2 …

Early events during retroviral infection play a critical role in determining the course of
infection and pathogenesis, but the mechanisms that regulate this phase of infection are …

Background Co-infection of HIV patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with
enhanced AIDS progression and CMV end-organ diseases. On the other hand, persistent …

Friend virus (FV) is a naturally occurring mouse retrovirus that infects dividing cells of the
hematopoietic lineage, including antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The infection of APCs by …

The mechanisms whereby different vaccines may expand distinct Ag-specific T cell
clonotypes or induce disparate degrees of protection are incompletely understood. We …