Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality and the underlying
mechanisms of cancer metastasis remain elusive. Both blood and lymphatic vasculatures …

Early engagement of the lymphatic system by solid tumors in peripheral, nonlymphoid
tissues is a clinical hallmark of cancer and often forecasts poor prognosis. The significance …

Tissue localization is a critical determinant of T cell immunity. CD8+ T cells are contact-
dependent killers, which requires them to physically be within the tissue of interest to kill …

A significant fraction of the total immune cells in the body are located in several hundred
lymph nodes, in which lymphocyte accumulation, activation and proliferation are organized …

The concept that progression of cancer is regulated by interactions of cancer cells with their
microenvironment was postulated by Stephen Paget over a century ago. Contemporary …

The lymphatic system, composed of initial and collecting lymphatic vessels as well as lymph
nodes that are present in almost every tissue of the human body, acts as an essential …

The generation of new lymphatic vessels through lymphangiogenesis and the remodelling
of existing lymphatics are thought to be important steps in cancer metastasis. The past …

High endothelial venules (HEVs) are specialized blood vessels mediating lymphocyte
trafficking to lymph nodes (LNs) and other secondary lymphoid organs. By supporting high …

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a new type of noncoding RNA (ncRNA),
have been identified as significant gene expression regulators and are involved in cancer …

Primary tumors may create the premetastatic niche in secondary organs for subsequent
metastasis. Humoral immunity contributes to the progression of certain cancers, but the roles …