Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin

M Moayeri, SH Leppla - Molecular aspects of medicine, 2009 - Elsevier
Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET) are the major virulence factors of anthrax and
can replicate the lethality and symptoms associated with the disease. This review provides …

[HTML][HTML] Molecular pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis infection

SF Little, BE Ivins - Microbes and Infection, 1999 - Elsevier
This review summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to the pathogenesis of infection
with Bacillus anthracis relative to the two exotoxins and the capsule. Emphasis is given to …

Anthrax lethal toxin and Salmonella elicit the common cell death pathway of caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis via distinct mechanisms

SL Fink, T Bergsbaken… - Proceedings of the …, 2008 - National Acad Sciences
Caspase-1 cleaves the inactive IL-1β and IL-18 precursors into active inflammatory
cytokines. In Salmonella-infected macrophages, caspase-1 also mediates a pathway of …

Anthrax toxin protective antigen is activated by a cell surface protease with the sequence specificity and catalytic properties of furin.

KR Klimpel, SS Molloy, G Thomas… - Proceedings of the …, 1992 - National Acad Sciences
Proteolytic cleavage of the protective antigen (PA) protein of anthrax toxin at residues 164-
167 is necessary for toxic activity. Cleavage by a cellular protease at this sequence, Arg-Lys …

[HTML][HTML] Residues 1-254 of anthrax toxin lethal factor are sufficient to cause cellular uptake of fused polypeptides.

N Arora, SH Leppla - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1993 - Elsevier
Anthrax lethal toxin is a complex of protective antigen (PA, 735 amino acids) and lethal
factor (LF, 776 amino acids) that lyses certain eukaryotic cells. LF interacts with PA to gain …

Manipulation of host signalling pathways by anthrax toxins

BE Turk - Biochemical Journal, 2007 - portlandpress.com
Infectious microbes face an unwelcoming environment in their mammalian hosts, which
have evolved elaborate multicelluar systems for recognition and elimination of invading …

[HTML][HTML] Fusions of anthrax toxin lethal factor to the ADP-ribosylation domain of Pseudomonas exotoxin A are potent cytotoxins which are translocated to the cytosol of …

N Arora, KR Klimpel, Y Singh, SH Leppla - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1992 - Elsevier
The lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF) components of anthrax toxin are toxic to animal
cells only if internalized by interaction with the protective antigen (PA) component. PA binds …

Anthrax toxin

SH Leppla - Bacterial protein toxins, 2000 - Springer
The virulence of Bacillus anthracis depends principally on two extracellular products, an
antiphagocytic POlY-YD-glutamic acid capsule, and a threecomponent protein exotoxin …

A deleted variant of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen is non-toxic and blocks anthrax toxin action in vivo

Y Singh, VK Chaudhary, SH Leppla - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1989 - ASBMB
Anthrax toxin is the only protein secreted by Bacillus anthracis that contributes to the
virulence of this bacterium. An obligatory step in the action of anthrax toxin on eukaryotic …

Characterization of lethal factor binding and cell receptor binding domains of protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis using monoclonal anti bodies

SF Little, JM Novak, JR Lowe, SH Leppla… - …, 1996 - microbiologyresearch.org
Lethal toxin from Bacillus anthracisis composed of protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor
(LF). Anti-PA mAbs that neutralized lethal toxin activity, either in vivo or in vitro, identified …