Regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription controls many crucial biological
processes. Transcription factors (TFs) play a great role in controlling cellular processes and …

Glucosinolates are secondary defense metabolites produced by plants of the order
Brassicales, which includes the model species Arabidopsis and many crop species. In the …

The leaf vasculature plays a key role in solute translocation. Veins consist of at least seven
distinct cell types, with specific roles in transport, metabolism, and signaling. Little is known …

Jasmonates (JAs) are plant hormones with essential roles in plant defense and
development. The basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) MYC2 has recently …

The MYB family of proteins is large, functionally diverse and represented in all eukaryotes.
Most MYB proteins function as transcription factors with varying numbers of MYB domain …

l-Tryptophan, l-phenylalanine, and l-tyrosine are aromatic amino acids (AAAs) that are used
for the synthesis of proteins and that in plants also serve as precursors of numerous natural …

Plants have an innate immune system to fight off potential invaders that is based on the
perception of nonself or modified-self molecules. Microbe-associated molecular patterns …

Plant immune responses mediated by the hormone jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) are
metabolically costly and often linked to reduced growth. Although it is known that JA-Ile …

Plants produce a large variety of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, glucosinolates,
terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. These compounds play key roles in plant–environment …

Recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) is crucial for the plant's
immune response. How this sophisticated perception system can be usefully deployed in …