Soil microorganisms are clearly a key component of both natural and managed ecosystems.
Despite the challenges of surviving in soil, a gram of soil can contain thousands of individual …

The number and diversity of viral sequences that are identified in metagenomic data far
exceeds that of experimentally characterized virus isolates. In a recent workshop, a panel of …

Whereas DNA viruses are known to be abundant, diverse, and commonly key ecosystem
players, RNA viruses are insufficiently studied outside disease settings. In this study, we …

The interaction between the human microbiome and immune system has an effect on
several human metabolic functions and impacts our well-being. Additionally, the interaction …

Ocean microbes drive biogeochemical cycling on a global scale. However, this cycling is
constrained by viruses that affect community composition, metabolic activity, and …

Viruses of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) are emergent pathogens of crops
throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. By virtue of having a small DNA …

Rapidly thawing permafrost harbors∼ 30 to 50% of global soil carbon, and the fate of this
carbon remains unknown. Microorganisms will play a central role in its fate, and their viruses …

Viruses and mobile genetic elements are molecular parasites or symbionts that coevolve
with nearly all forms of cellular life. The route of virus replication and protein expression is …

Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable invertebrate model for viral infection and antiviral
immunity, and is a focus for studies of insect-virus coevolution. Here we use a metagenomic …

Horizontal gene transfer is important in the evolution of bacterial and archaeal genomes. An
interesting genetic exchange process is carried out by diverse phage-like gene transfer …