Background Head and neck tuberculosis (HNTB), including cervical lymphadenopathy, is
the most common extrapulmonary manifestation of TB. The proposed study investigated the …

Drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis (TB) is an emerging health problem in both developing
and developed countries. In this review article, we aim to define management protocols for …

Background Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is defined as any bacteriologically
confirmed or clinically diagnosed case of TB involving organs other than the lungs. It is …

Background While the high burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) itself is a
matter of great concern, the emergence and rise of advanced forms of drug-resistance such …

Methods: Extrapulmonary specimens received from referring hospitals were decontaminated
and cultured using standard procedures. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) for Mycobacterium …

We reviewed the records of 337 confirmed cases of tuberculosis patients in Monrovia, the
capital of Liberia, 2015. The risk factors affecting the survival and multidrug-resistance of …

Rationale: India is experiencing a regional increase in cases of multidrug-resistant
tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Objectives: Given the complexity of MDR-TB diagnosis and care, we …

Background Physicians are usually aware of the occurrence of drug‐resistant (DR)
pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but lack concern about DR‐extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Data …

BACKGROUND: xtra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a growing public health concern,
and data on drug resistance are limited. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Specimens from 2468 …

Background Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important to
understand the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis (TB) …