Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial
direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial …

The objective of this review is to summarize the contribution of animal research using direct
current stimulation (DCS) to our understanding of the physiological effects of transcranial …

The importance of the modulation of pain by emotion is now widely recognised. In particular,
stress and anxiety, depending on their nature, duration and intensity, can exert potent, but …

Transcranial direct current stimulation is a noninvasive technique that has been
experimentally tested for a number of psychiatric and neurological conditions. Preliminary …

Abstract Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) encompasses all methods of non-invasive
current application to the brain used in research and clinical practice. We present the first …

Non-invasive low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) of the brain is an evolving
field that has brought remarkable attention in the past few decades for its ability to directly …

Introduction: Inflammation seems to play a role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders,
including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). In the last years …

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial Direct Current
Stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive Magnetic Transcranial Stimulation (rTMS), are well-known …

Background Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by an insult or dysfunction in the peripheral or
central nervous system (CNS), the main symptoms being mechanical allodynia and …

Background: The application of low-intensity direct current electric fields has been
experimentally used in the clinic to treat a number of brain disorders, predominantly using …