Macrophages are versatile and heterogeneous innate immune cells undertaking central
functions in balancing immune responses and tissue repair to maintain homeostasis. This …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity with a complex pathophysiology.
Traditional cancer therapies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and …

Given that hypoxia is a persistent physiological feature of many different solid tumors and a
key driver for cancer malignancy, it is thought to be a major target in cancer treatment …

Nanotechnology has been extensively studied and exploited for cancer treatment as
nanoparticles can play a significant role as a drug delivery system. Compared to …

Phototherapy such as photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment
has been developed quickly over the past few years for its noninvasive nature and high …

Canonically, gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage by caspase-1 through inflammasome
signaling triggers immune cell pyroptosis (ICP) as a host defense against pathogen …

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial components of the tumour
microenvironment and play a significant role in tumour development and drug resistance by …

Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture
techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the most common primary liver malignancy and the
third leading cause of tumor-related mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, despite advances in …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are some of the most abundant immune cells within
tumors and perform a broad repertoire of functions via diverse phenotypes. On the basis of …