While Nature harnesses RNA and DNA to store, read and write genetic information, the
inherent programmability, synthetic accessibility and wide functionality of these nucleic acids …

Aptamers are short single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides isolated from randomized
libraries, presenting high affinity and specificity toward targets with similar to antibodies …

Novel and improved biocatalysts are increasingly sourced from libraries via experimental
screening. The success of such campaigns is crucially dependent on the number of …

Labeling of nucleic acids is required for many studies aiming to elucidate their functions and
dynamics in vitro and in cells. Out of the numerous labeling concepts that have been …

Steric exclusion is a key element of enzyme substrate specificity, including in polymerases.
Such substrate specificity restricts the enzymatic synthesis of 2′-modified nucleic acids …

In the last three decades, oligonucleotides have been extensively investigated as probes,
molecular ligands and even catalysts within therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The …

RNA-catalyzed RNA replication is widely considered a key step in the emergence of life's
first genetic system. However, RNA replication can be impeded by the extraordinary stability …

Beyond the natural nucleic acids DNA and RNA, nucleic acid chemistry has unlocked a
whole universe of modifications to their canonical chemical structure, which can in various …

Synthetic biology seeks to probe fundamental aspects of biological form and function by
construction [ie,(re) synthesis] rather than deconstruction (analysis). In this sense, biological …

Conspectus Genomes can be viewed as constantly updated memory systems where
information propagated in cells is refined over time by natural selection. This process …