A brief history of bird flu
In 1918, a strain of influenza A virus caused a human pandemic resulting in the deaths of 50
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America
Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus,
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …
Intercontinental spread of Asian-origin H5N8 to North America through Beringia by migratory birds
Phylogenetic network analysis and understanding of waterfowl migration patterns suggest
that the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3. 4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China …
that the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3. 4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China …
A threat from both sides: Multiple introductions of genetically distinct H5 HPAI viruses into Canada via both East Asia-Australasia/Pacific and Atlantic flyways
TN Alkie, S Lopes, T Hisanaga, W Xu… - Virus …, 2022 - academic.oup.com
From 2016 to 2020, high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses circulated in Asia,
Europe, and Africa, causing waves of infections and the deaths of millions of wild and …
Europe, and Africa, causing waves of infections and the deaths of millions of wild and …
An update on highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus, clade 2.3. 4.4 b
RJ Webby, TM Uyeki - The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Since the resurgence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus, clade 2.3.
4.4 b, during 2021, these viruses have spread widely among birds worldwide, causing …
4.4 b, during 2021, these viruses have spread widely among birds worldwide, causing …
Nomenclature updates resulting from the evolution of avian influenza A (H5) virus clades 2.1. 3.2 a, 2.2. 1, and 2.3. 4 during 2013–2014
Aim The A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐like hemagglutinin (HA) genes of highly pathogenic
avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses have continued to rapidly evolve since the most recent …
avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses have continued to rapidly evolve since the most recent …
Pandemic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 A (H5) viruses
R Yamaji, MD Saad, CT Davis… - Reviews in Medical …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
The panzootic caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐lineage highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …
[HTML][HTML] Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses and generation of novel reassortants, United States, 2014–2015
Asian highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) viruses spread into North America in
2014 during autumn bird migration. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic …
2014 during autumn bird migration. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic …
Spores and soil from six sides: interdisciplinarity and the environmental biology of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
Environmentally transmitted diseases are comparatively poorly understood and managed,
and their ecology is particularly understudied. Here we identify challenges of studying …
and their ecology is particularly understudied. Here we identify challenges of studying …
Genetic predisposition to acquire a polybasic cleavage site for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus hemagglutinin
N Nao, J Yamagishi, H Miyamoto, M Igarashi… - MBio, 2017 - Am Soc Microbiol
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses with H5 and H7 hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes
evolve from low-pathogenic precursors through the acquisition of multiple basic amino acid …
evolve from low-pathogenic precursors through the acquisition of multiple basic amino acid …