I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Contributing Authors Isam Alobid, MD, PhD1, Nithin D. Adappa, MD2, Henry P. Barham,
MD3, Thiago Bezerra, MD4, Nadieska Caballero, MD5, Eugene G. Chang, MD6, Gaurav …

Under the concept of" united airway diseases," the airway is a single organ wherein upper
and lower airway diseases are commonly comorbid. The upper and lower airways are lined …

There are a variety of medical conditions associated with chronic sinonasal inflammation,
including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and cystic fibrosis. In particular, CRS can be divided …

abstract Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by local
inflammation of the upper airways and sinuses which persists for at least 12 weeks. CRS …

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRS w NP) is a complex inflammatory condition
that affects a large proportion of the population world‐wide and is associated with high cost …

The interaction between the airway epithelium and the inhaled environment is crucial to
understanding the pathobiology of asthma. Several studies have identified an important role …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with various
underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms which translate to endotypes, in contrast to clinical …

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been identified in human nasal polyps,
but whether numbers of ILC2s differ by polyp endotype or are influenced by corticosteroid …

Rationale Interleukin (IL)-33, a new member of the IL-1 family, is constitutively expressed in
epithelial tissues and lymphoid organs and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of …