The remarkable capacity of immunotherapies to induce durable regression in some patients
with metastatic cancer relies heavily on T cell recognition of tumor-presented antigens. As …

The identification of actionable tumor antigens is indispensable for the development of
several cancer immunotherapies, including T cell receptor–transduced T cells and patient …

To the Editor—Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) has extended our understanding of the
translational 'vocabulary'of the human genome, uncovering thousands of open reading …

All species continuously evolve short open reading frames (sORFs) that can be templated
for protein synthesis and may provide raw materials for evolutionary adaptation. We …

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and, despite new targeted therapies and
immunotherapies, many patients with advanced-stage-or high-risk cancers still die, owing to …

The remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrates the potential of
tumour-specific CD8+ T cells to prevent and treat cancer. Although the number of lives …

Mobilizing antitumour immunity through vaccination potentially constitutes a powerful
anticancer strategy but has not yet provided robust clinical benefits in large patient …

One key barrier to improving efficacy of personalized cancer immunotherapies that are
dependent on the tumor antigenic landscape remains patient stratification. Although patients …

Activated T cells secrete interferon-γ, which triggers intracellular tryptophan shortage by
upregulating the indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme,,–. Here we show that …

A fundamental prerequisite for the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is the presence of
functional, antigen-specific T cells within the tumor. Neoantigen-directed therapy is a …