Dietary polyphenols have been the focus of major interest for their potential benefits on
human health. Several preclinical studies have been conducted to provide a rationale for …

Estrogen is an important hormone signal that regulates multiple tissues and functions in the
body. This review focuses on the neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions of estrogen in the …

In recent years, the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt cell survival signaling pathway has been
increasingly researched in the field of stroke. Akt activity is suggested to be upregulated by …

The PTEN tumour suppressor is a lipid and protein phosphatase that inhibits
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent signalling by dephosphorylating …

Cerebral ischemia triggers robust phosphorylation of cAMP response element‐binding
protein (CREB) and CRE‐mediated gene expression in neurons. Glutamate receptor …

Background 17β-estradiol (E2) has been implicated to exert neuroprotective effects in the
brain following cerebral ischemia. Classically, E2 is thought to exert its effects via genomic …

17β-Estradiol (estradiol or E2) is implicated as a neuroprotective factor in a variety of
neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying E2 …

It has become widely accepted that along with its ability to directly regulate gene expression,
estradiol also influences cell signaling and brain function via rapid membrane-initiated …

Recent studies have highlighted that female sex hormones represent potential
neuroprotective agents against damage produced by acute and chronic injuries in the adult …

Steroid sex hormones are potential neuroprotective candidates following CNS injury. All
clinical trials to date have examined the effects of oestrogen alone or oestrogen-progestin …