Human fear conditioning research since Watson's case study on “Little Albert” has vastly
evolved and its impact today is reaching far beyond phobic anxiety. This review focuses on …

Pain is considered a hardwired signal of bodily disturbance belonging to a basic
motivational system that urges the individual to act and to restore the body's integrity, rather …

The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988) is a popular self-
report questionnaire that is administered all over the world. Though originally developed to …

Objective Psychological constructs related to the fear-avoidance model such as fear of
movement, pain catastrophizing, and affective distress have been found to be inter-related …

To calibrate or not to calibrate? This question is raised by almost everyone designing an
experimental pain study with supra-threshold stimulation. The dilemma is whether to …

Psychological trauma is typically accompanied by physical pain, and posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) often cooccurs with chronic pain. Clinical reports suggest that pain after …

Background Pain is a dynamic phenomenon dependent on the balance of endogenous
excitatory and inhibitory systems, which can be characterized by quantitative sensory …

Objectives: Body illusions have shown promise in treating some chronic pain conditions. We
hypothesized that neck exercises performed in virtual reality (VR) with visual feedback of …

Associative learning plays a significant role in shaping human behaviors. Complex
cognitions such as image recognition and pattern recognition in real-time, abstract thinking …

Because many persons living with chronic pain achieve a relatively balanced lifestyle
without experiencing functional disability, medical psychologists must explain the well …