The progression from gestation into lactation represents the transition period, and it is
accompanied by marked physiological, metabolic, and inflammatory adjustments. The entire …

Sepsis occurs when an infection exceeds local tissue containment and induces a series of
dysregulated physiologic responses that result in organ dysfunction. A subset of patients …

Glutamine is an abundant and versatile nutrient that participates in energy formation, redox
homeostasis, macromolecular synthesis, and signaling in cancer cells. These characteristics …

The immune system defends against pathogens and maintains tissue homeostasis for the
life of the organism. These diverse functions are bioenergetically expensive, requiring …

Metabolic changes in cells that participate in inflammation, such as activated macrophages
and T-helper 17 cells, include a shift towards enhanced glucose uptake, glycolysis and …

Macrophages represent the first line of defence in innate immune responses and
additionally serve important functions for the regulation of host inflammation and tissue …

Macrophages play a relevant role in innate and adaptive immunity depending on the
balance of the stimuli received. From an analytical and functional point of view, macrophage …

Diet is an important lifestyle factor that is known to contribute in the development of human
disease. It is well established that poor diet plays an active role in exacerbating metabolic …

It has become increasingly clear that life‐history patterns among the vertebrates have been
shaped by the plethora and variety of immunological risks associated with parasitic faunas …

A deficiency of dietary protein or amino acids has long been known to impair immune
function and increase the susceptibility of animals and humans to infectious disease …