The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as a quality-control organelle for protein
homeostasis, or “proteostasis”. The protein quality control systems involve ER-associated …

The simultaneous maturation of multiple digital and telecommunications technologies in
2020 has created an unprecedented opportunity for ophthalmology to adapt to new models …

Background To contribute to the WHO initiative, VISION 2020: The Right to Sight, an
assessment of global vision impairment in 2020 and temporal change is needed. We aimed …

We review the current literature regarding the risk factors for cataract and the association
between cataract and systemic disease. Numerous epidemiologic studies have found that …

Lutein is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence
shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health. In particular, lutein …

Introduction Exposure to blue light has seriously increased in our environment since the
arrival of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and, in recent years, the proliferation of digital devices …

Background Cataracts are the main cause of reversible blindness worldwide. The ageing of
the lens caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is mostly related to oxidative stress (OS) …

Refractive surgery refers to any procedure that corrects or minimizes refractive errors. Today,
refractive surgery has evolved beyond the traditional laser refractive surgery, embodied by …

The contributory roles of vitamin D in ocular and visual health have long been discussed,
with numerous studies pointing to the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency. In this paper …

Aging accompanied by several age-related complications, is a multifaceted inevitable
biological progression involving various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The …