Pain associated with mechanical, chemical, and thermal heat stimulation of the ocular
surface is mediated by trigeminal ganglion neurons, while cold thermoreceptors detect …

Systemic administration of the local anaesthetic lidocaine is antinociceptive in both acute
and chronic pain states, especially in acute postoperative and chronic neuropathic pain …

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels underlie the control of
rhythmic activity in cardiac and neuronal pacemaker cells. In HCN, the polarity of voltage …

Itch is a topic to which everyone can relate. The physiological roles of itch are increasingly
understood and appreciated. The pathophysiological consequences of itch impact quality of …

Neuropathy will afflict over half of the estimated 460 million people worldwide who have
diabetes, 303 of whom approximately onethird will also develop neuropathic pain. 2 The …

The persistence of increased excitability and spontaneous activity in injured peripheral
neurons is imperative for the development and persistence of many forms of neuropathic …

Background Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of
neuropathic pain. Recent evidence has proved that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells …

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is multifactorial and likely to be a cause of concern more so than
ever given the rapid pace of modernization, which is directly associated with many of the …

Macroautophagy/autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved process, plays an important role in
the regulation of immune inflammation and nervous system homeostasis. However, the …

The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are voltage-gated
ion channels that critically modulate neuronal activity. Four HCN subunits (HCN1–4) have …