There is an epidemic of obesity and the metabolic syndrome in the United States and across
the world. Both entities are associated with high mortality, mainly as a result of …

The serum-and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-1 (SGK1) is ubiquitously expressed and
under genomic control by cell stress (including cell shrinkage) and hormones (including …

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, their
use is complicated by systemic fluid retention. Along the nephron, the pharmacological …

Sodium (Na+) is the principal osmole in extracellular fluid; as such, the total body content of
Na+ and Cl-, its primary anion, determine the extracellular fluid volume. Renal excretion or …

OBJECTIVE—PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events (PROactive)
enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes and preexisting cardiovascular disease. These …

Aims Thiazolidinediones are insulin sensitizers, and are associated with fluid retention and
increased risk of heart failure (HF) in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed fatal and …

Because of their wide range of actions on glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and
vascular inflammation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are promising …

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtype γ (PPARγ) ligands, namely the
synthetic insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinedione (TZD) compounds, have demonstrated great …

Imaging the progression of Alzheimer's disease would greatly facilitate the discovery of
therapeutics, and a wide range of ligands are currently under development for the detection …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of the nuclear hormone
receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Three PPAR isoforms …