Managing antithrombotic and antiplatelet therapy is one of the common issues while
performing interventional techniques in regenerative medicine to balance the bleeding risk …

Chronic neck pain is second only to low back pain in commonality, with third most common
cause of disability resulting in high healthcare costs. The overwhelming literature shows that …

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a minimally invasive technique used for the treatment of
various chronic pain conditions. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the …

Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the
lumbar spinal canal or foramina that causes clinical symptoms related to the compression of …

This chapter explores intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) as a treatment option for intractable
pain. IDD can provide pain relief when systemic medications, surgeries, interventional …

The sacroiliac joint and its associated extraarticular ligaments are accepted anatomic source
of chronic low back pain affecting on average 15% of patients. The abundant complex …

Chronic low back pain is multifactorial in nature, and recently there has been expanded
attention to multifidus dysfunction and altered sensorimotor control. Persistent altered …

Among chronic pain disorders, pain arising from various structures of the spine constitutes
the majority of the problems, with a lifetime prevalence of 54–80%. Among these, thoracic …

Chronic pelvic pain can be broadly defined pain in the pelvis but can include groin,
lumbosacral back, buttock, perineal, and hip areas (Peng and Tumber. Pain Physician 11 …

Moderate lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with neurogenic claudication (NC) often affects older
individuals. Until the last few years, there has been a vacuum in the continuum of care …