Rock quality designation (RQD) is a critical geoengineering/geotechnical parameter for
evaluating rock mass quality (RMQ), which is a preliminary construction decision-making …

The physical parameters of the subsurface from the environmental site investigation are
important for geoscientists and engineers to understand and very low cost-effective method …

Understanding the spatial variations in soil–rock profiles is crucial for identifying weathered
rock layers and mapping geological structures, particularly in the complex feldspar-rich …

Objectives: To propose a possible assessment for soil investigation by correlating the
resistivity values with soil properties. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Throughout the study …

Potable water supplies mostly through buried galvanized steel and cast-iron pipes from
distribution terminals to the public, and a lot of corrosion failures occurred each year in …

Subsurface investigation is one of the most critical phases of any construction project. An
insufficient subsurface investigation is the primary source of change orders in 20 to 50% of …

Seismic refraction tomography (SRT) involves more complex mathematic algorithms to fit
more flexible model. In the field procedure SRT in generally needs more shot points than …

This comprehensive review explores electrical and seismic refraction methods, including
their emerging techniques, namely electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and seismic …

ABSTRACT A DC electrical resistivity and Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) survey
and on-site test were undertaken at an iron ore exploration area site in Pagoh, Malaysia for …

Calcium carbonate [CaCO3] is a key raw material used in the clarification of sugarcane juice
for syrup production. The CaCO3 sludge produced during the clarification process is waste …