Creatine kinases (CKs) provide local ATP production in periods of elevated energetic
demand, such as during rapid anabolism and growth. Thus, creatine energetics has …

While the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2. 1.1) superfamily of enzymes has been described
primarily as involved only in pH regulation for decades, it also has many other important …

In immunology, the role of macrophages extends far beyond their traditional classification as
mere phagocytes; they emerge as pivotal architects of the immune response, with their …

Myeloid cells are known to play a crucial role in creating a tumor-promoting and immune
suppressive microenvironment. Our previous study demonstrated that primary human …

CO2 is produced during aerobic respiration. Normally, levels of CO2 in the blood are tightly
regulated but pCO2 can rise (hypercapnia, pCO2> 45 mmHg) in patients with lung diseases …

Summary The carbonic anhydrase 2 (Car2) gene encodes the primary isoenzyme
responsible for aqueous humor (AH) production and plays a major role in the regulation of …

5q-related Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary multi-systemic disorder leading to
progressive muscle atrophy and weakness caused by the degeneration of spinal motor …

Background Intraoperative end-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations (EtCO2) values are
associated with recurrence-free survival after colorectal cancer surgery. However, it is …

Study objective Higher levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2) increase the invasive abilities of
colon cancer cells in vitro. Studies assessing target values for end-tidal CO 2 concentrations …

Background: Immune function is an important indicator for assessing postoperative recovery
and long-term survival in patients with malignancy, and laparoscopic surgery is thought to …