A dense and diverse microbial community inhabits the gut and many epithelial surfaces.
Referred to as the microbiota, it co-evolved with the host and is beneficial for many host …

The immune system has coevolved with extensive microbial communities living on barrier
sites that are collectively known as the microbiota. It is increasingly clear that microbial …

Durable antibody immunity depends on long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) that primarily reside
in the bone marrow (BM). However, due to LLPC rarity, it has not been possible to define …

Intestinal adaptive immune responses influence host health, yet only a few intestinal
bacteria species that induce cognate adaptive immune responses during homeostasis have …

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by pathogen infection and associated with
pyroptosis. Pyroptosis occurs upon activation of proinflammatory caspases and their …

Colonization by the microbiota causes a marked stimulation of B cells and induction of
immunoglobulin, but mammals colonized with many taxa have highly complex and …

Plasma cells (PC) are found in the CNS of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, yet their source
and role in MS remains unclear. We find that some PC in the CNS of mice with experimental …

Humoral immune responses at mucosal surfaces have historically focused on IgA. Growing
evidence highlights the complexity of IgA-inducing pathways and the functional impact of IgA …

Sepsis has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health
priority. There has been a tremendous effort to decipher underlying mechanisms …

The gut microbiome regulates a number of homeostatic mechanisms in the healthy host
including immune function and gut barrier protection. Loss of normal gut microbial structure …