The unrelenting utilization of fossil-based fuels has led to the continuous emission of
anthropogenic gases and exacerbated environmental degradation at an alarming rate. Due …

Agriculture is considered a significant climate change (CC) driver due to greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions and the loss of fertilizers that contribute to water eutrophication. On the …

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest ever since the isolation
of atomically thin sheets of graphene in 2004 due to the specific and versatile properties of …

The past few decades of managing the uncertain risks associated with nanomaterials have
provided valuable insights (knowledge gaps, tools, methods, etc.) that are equally important …

As the governance of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) evolves, innovations in the
prevention, mitigation, management, and transfer of risk shape discussion of how …

Metal nanoparticles (M-NPs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique
properties, driving diverse applications across packaging, biomedicine, electronics, and …

In recent years, the genotoxicity of graphene-related materials (GRMs) and other 2D
materials has been evaluated using different models to ensure their safety. The OECD TG …

A roadmap was developed to strengthen standardisation activities for risk governance of
nanotechnology. Its baseline is the available standardised and harmonised methods for …

Fish acute toxicity tests are commonly used in aquatic environmental risk assessments,
being required in different international substances regulations. A general trend in the …

Genotoxicity testing for nanomaterials remains challenging as standard testing approaches
require some adaptation, and further development of nano-specific OECD Test Guidelines …