The human genome contains thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are thought to
lack open reading frames (ORFs) and cannot be translated. Some ncRNAs reportedly have …

Recent advancements in genetic and proteomic technologies have revealed that more of the
genome encodes proteins than originally thought possible. Specifically, some putative long …

TGF‐β signaling pathway plays a key role in breast cancer metastasis. Recent studies
suggest that TGF‐β regulates tumor progression and invasion not only via transcriptional …

Short ORFs (sORFs), that is, occurrences of a start and stop codon within 100 codons or
less, can be found in organisms of all domains of life, outnumbering annotated protein …

The transcriptome of prostate cancer is highly heterogeneous, with noncoding transcripts
being essential players. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often associated with polysomes, indicating coding
potential. However, only a handful of endogenous proteins encoded by putative lncRNAs …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the spatial and temporal regulation
of muscle development and regeneration. Nevertheless, the determination of their biological …

The proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of myoblasts are essential processes in
skeletal muscle development. During this developmental process, microRNAs (miRNAs) …

An exciting emerging topic in the noncoding RNA (ncRNA) field is the discovery of short
peptides called micropeptides (≤ 100 amino acids), whose novel therapeutic opportunities …

Background Micropeptides are small proteins with length<= 100 amino acids. Short open
reading frames that could produces micropeptides were traditionally ignored due to …