Cathepsin C, an important lysosomal cysteine protease, mediates the maturation process of
neutrophil serine proteases, and participates in the inflammation and immune regulation …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Along with the
increasing prevalence of diabetes, DKD is expected to affect a higher number of patients …

Podocytes constitute the outer layer of the renal glomerular filtration barrier. Their energy
requirements strongly depend on efficient oxidative respiration, which is tightly connected …

Hyperglycemic conditions (HG), at early stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN), cause a
decrease in podocyte numbers and an aberration of their function as key cells for glomerular …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of end stage renal diseases worldwide.
Despite successive interventions for delaying the progression of DKD, current treatments …

Lactate has long been acknowledged to be a metabolic waste product, but it has more
recently been found as a fuel energy source in mammalian cells. Podocytes are an …

The protein deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and adenosine monophosphate-dependent
protein kinase (AMPK) play important roles in the development of insulin resistance. In …

A decrease in intracellular levels of 3′, 5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) has
been implicated in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia significantly …

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdosing is a major cause of acute liver failure worldwide and an
established model for drug-induced acute liver injury (ALI). While studying gene expression …

Alterations of insulin signaling in diabetes are associated with podocyte injury, proteinuria,
and renal failure. Insulin stimulates glucose transport to cells and regulates other …