Mucosal vaccines offer the potential to trigger robust protective immune responses at the
predominant sites of pathogen infection. In principle, the induction of adaptive immunity at …

Poliovirus (PV), the virus that causes both acute poliomyelitis and post-polio syndrome, is
classified within the Enterovirus C species, and there are three wild PV serotypes: WPV1 …

Abstract Introduction Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of
infectious diarrhoea and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrhea in children in
developing countries and in travelers. WHO has affirmed ETEC as a priority vaccine target …

The rising global HIV-1 burden urgently requires vaccines capable of providing
heterologous protection. Here, we developed a clade C HIV-1 vaccine consisting of priming …

The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are a diverse and genetically plastic pathologic
variant (pathovar) of E. coli defined by their production of heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable …

Page 1 Bacterial vaccines in clinical and preclinical development 2021 An overview and analysis
World Health Organization Page 2 Bacterial vaccines in clinical and preclinical development 2021 …

Most infectious agents use mucosal tissues as entry portals, thus, mucosae are frequently
defined as a first line of defense against pathogens. Mucosal protection generally operates …

Mucosal surfaces represent important routes of entry into the human body for the majority of
pathogens, and they constitute unique sites for targeted vaccine delivery. Nanoparticle …

Fentanyl is a major contributor to the devastating increase in overdose deaths from
substance use disorders (SUD). A vaccine targeting fentanyl could be a powerful …