A powerful influence on the weather that we experience on the ground can be exerted by the
stratosphere. This highly stratified layer of Earth's atmosphere is found 10 to 50 kilometres …

One of the more robust results of greenhouse gas‐induced climate change to emerge from
chemistry‐climate and climate model projections in the last decade is, depending on the …

Abstract The Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 6 (WACCM6) is a major
update of the whole atmosphere modeling capability in the Community Earth System Model …

This chapter assesses the causes of observed changes assessed in Chapters 2 to 5 and
uses understanding of physical processes, climate models and statistical approaches. The …

Chemical ozone destruction occurs over both polar regions in local winter–spring. In the
Antarctic, essentially complete removal of lower-stratospheric ozone currently results in an …

Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion
during winter and spring at high latitudes (eg, the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles …

We discuss and evaluate the representation of atmospheric chemistry in the global
Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) version 4, the atmospheric component of the …

Chemical loss of Arctic ozone due to anthropogenic halogens is driven by temperature, with
more loss occurring during cold winters favourable for formation of polar stratospheric …

In this paper we present the fifth generation of the INMCM climate model that is being
developed at the Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences …

We describe the main differences in simulations of stratospheric climate and variability by
models within the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that have a model …