The massive growth of mobile users will spread to significant numbers of small cells for the
Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network, which will overlap the fourth generation (4G) network …

The need for load balancing will be more significant in fifth generation mobile network and
beyond due to the massive upsurge in the quantity of users and rising use of small cell sizes …

Radio over fiber (RoF) has found to be one of the most effective communication techniques.
It has the tendency to incorporate both optical fiber and free space radio paths. In this …

The 10-Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON), also known as (XGPON), is a key
technology for the next generation of optical fibre communication systems that can improve …

A polarization multiplexing-based long-haul optical communication system using the duo-
binary modulation technique is proposed and analysed using numerical simulations. The …

The evolution of wireless communication technology is inextricably linked to the growing
demand from consumers to connect multiple devices to the network. Massive multiple input …

This study aims to analyze the NRZ-OOK modulation format in free-space optical
communication. Simulations were conducted to examine the influence of the SpS parameter …

Over the past two decades, the demands for Internet bandwidth have increased
dramatically, driving a steady increase in global Internet traffic. According to the Cisco …

The potential of millimeter wave to support next-generation passive optical network
(NGPON2) technology is covered in this research. Millimeter wave offers optical access …

ABSTRACT The 10-Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON), also known as (XGPON), is a
key technology for the next generation of optical fibre communication systems that can …