Designed to help students understand the multiple levels at which human populations
respond to their surroundings, this essential text offers the most complete discussion of …

Conflicts related to livestock raiding are not new phenomena in many pastoral societies in
the Horn of Africa. Traditionally, various pastoral communities use raiding as a cultural …

'Adapt to endure'has become a necessity in agriculture, but the means to do so remain
largely undefined. The aim of this literature review is to analyse how the herd contributes to …

Archaeologists and other social scientists have long argued that exercising power is a
relational process. One way of modeling these relations is to see them as organized within …

We use agent-based modeling to study osotua, a gift giving system used by the Maasai of
East Africa. Osotua's literal meaning is “umbilical cord,” but it is used metaphorically to refer …

In the developing world, traditional social networks of exchange and reciprocity are critical
components of household security, disaster relief, and social wellbeing especially in rural …

Pastoralists of the high Andes Mountains raise mixed herds of camelids and sheep. This
study evaluates the land use of herdsmen who are confronted by both socioeconomic and …

Over the last decade, the number of people who rely on mobile phones in sub-Saharan
Africa has grown rapidly. The ubiquity of mobile phones in rural livestock communities is …

Climate change affects different demographic groups differently. Pastoral women, being
among the poorest of the poor, are expected to be highly vulnerable to climate change …

Turkana in northern Kenya is highly vulnerable to climatic changes. More frequent and
prolonged droughts in combination with socio-economic developments and the availability …