In this overview (introductory article to a special issue including 14 papers), we consider all
main types of natural and artificial inland freshwater habitas (fwh). For each type, we identify …

This review provides a detailed synthesis of the effects of glacier retreat and permafrost thaw
on stream ecosystems in the European Alps. As a working framework, we present a …

Freshwaters face multiple environmental problems including eutrophication, acidification,
salinization, and climate-change, all of which can lead to impairment of ecosystem structure …

Water bodies around the world are currently warming with unprecedented rates since
observations started, but warming occurs highly variable among ecoregions. So far …

The accelerating climate crisis intensifies environmental changes in high‐altitude
ecosystems worldwide, with rising air temperature among the main stressors. While past …

Boreal forests account for 30% of the world's total forest cover and in many places are
subject to intensive forest management, which often involves complete removal of overstory …

Primary production is a fundamental ecosystem process that influences nutrient and carbon
cycling, and trophic structure in streams. The magnitude and timing of gross primary …

Chironomids (non-biting midges) inhabit almost every wet or semi-wet continental
environment on Earth with probably 10,000 different species. Species occurrence and …

Cyanobacteria and aquatic insects are major components of food webs in freshwater
ecosystems. However, the functional relationship between cyanobacteria and aquatic …

Climate change is accelerating the global loss of glaciers with potentially striking
consequences for downstream ecosystems. However, there exists limited evidence of the …