Regular exercise is a formidable regulator of insulin sensitivity and overall systemic
metabolism through both acute events driven by each exercise bout and through chronic …

Objective Use of the frailty index to measure an accumulation of deficits has been proven a
valuable method for identifying elderly people at risk for increased vulnerability, disease …

In 2002, a transmembrane protein—now known as FNDC5—was discovered and shown to
be expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. It was virtually ignored for 10 years, until a …

The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing worldwide, particularly amongst aging
populations. Insulin resistance is the core mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and is also …

Introduction Irisin is a myokine/adipokine induced by the exercise in mice and humans,
which is proposed to induce “browning” of white adipose tissue, its primary target, thus …

Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine expressed as a bioactive peptide in multiple tissues
and organs, and exercise and cold exposure are the major inducers for its secretion. Irisin …

Myokines are muscle‐derived cytokines and chemokines that act extensively on organs and
exert beneficial metabolic functions in the whole‐body through specific signal networks …

Physical activity reduces cardiometabolic risk, while physical inactivity increases chronic
diseases risk. This led to the idea that exercise-induced muscle contraction contributes to …

Exercise is a well-known non-pharmacological intervention to improve brain functions,
including cognition, memory, and motor coordination. Contraction of skeletal muscles during …

Circadian timekeeping allows appropriate temporal regulation of an organism's internal
metabolism to anticipate and respond to recurrent daily changes in the environment …