Nominal effect concentrations from in vitro toxicity assays may lead to inaccurate estimations
of in vivo toxic doses because the nominal concentration poorly reflects the concentration at …

Introduction: Metabolism is one of the most important clearance pathways representing the
major clearance route of 75% drugs. The four most common drug metabolizing enzymes …

The aim of this tutorial is to introduce the fundamental concepts of physiologically based
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modeling with a special focus on their …

Thousands of chemicals have been profiled by high-throughput screening programs such as
ToxCast and Tox21; these chemicals are tested in part because most of them have limited or …

We previously integrated dosimetry and exposure with high-throughput screening (HTS) to
enhance the utility of ToxCast HTS data by translating in vitro bioactivity concentrations to …

In vitro–in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) analyses translating high-throughput screening (HTS)
data to human relevance have been limited. This study represents the first report applying …

Challenges to improve toxicological risk assessment to meet the demands of the EU
chemical's legislation, REACH, and the EU 7th Amendment of the Cosmetics Directive have …

Introduction: Prediction of human absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
(ADME) properties, therapeutic dose and exposure has become an integral part of …

Although prediction of clearance using hepatocytes and liver microsomes has long played a
decisive role in drug discovery, it is widely acknowledged that reliably accurate prediction is …

Introduction Toxicity data are unavailable for many thousands of chemicals in commerce
and the environment. Therefore, risk assessors need to rapidly screen these chemicals for …