Context Xanthophyll intake is known to improve eye health; however, its benefits on visual
outcomes have not been systematically studied, particularly in a population with eye …

Autofluorescence-based imaging techniques have become very important in the
ophthalmological field. Being noninvasive and very sensitive, they are broadly used in …

Purpose Macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) is an uncommon, late-onset complex retinal
disease that leads to central vision loss. No causative gene (s) have been identified to date …

Purpose: To describe different patterns of macular pigment (MP) seen in fluorescence
lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) and to analyze ex vivo fluorescence characteristics …

Since the publication of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) in 2013, the
macular pigment carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) have become well known to both …

Purpose: Ocular and systemic measurement and imaging of the macular carotenoids lutein
and zeaxanthin have been employed extensively as potential biomarkers of AMD risk. In this …

Context Antioxidants are bioactive molecules that function to scavenge free radicals and
balance oxidative stress. While all antioxidants can act as reactive oxygen species …

Retinal carotenoids are dietary nutrients that uniquely protect the eye from light damage and
various retinal pathologies. Their antioxidative properties protect the eye from many retinal …

Crystalline retinopathies may be associated with different etiologies including genetic, toxic,
degenerative, idiopathic, and iatrogenic causes. We outline the various types of crystalline …

Diet-based xanthophylls (zeaxanthin and lutein) are conditionally essential polar
carotenoids preferentially accreted in high concentrations (1 mM) to the central retina, where …